|
|
|
|
|
Structural
Formula: |
Molecular
Formula:
C26H38C12N10O4
Molecular
Weight:
625.6
Chemical Name:
1,6-di (N-p-chlorophenyldiguanidino)
hexane diacetate
Description:
Chlorhexidine
acetate is a
white to pale
cream
microcrystalline
powder,
odourless or
almost
odourless. It
is soluble (at
20ºC) in 55
parts of water
and 15 parts of
alcohol.
Composition of
Dressing:
Chlorhexidine
Acetate BP 0.5%
in white soft
paraffin BP. |
 |
|
|
|
|
Action |
|
|
The action of
chlorhexidine
acetate is both
bacteriostatic and
bactericidal. Chlorhexidine
Acetate has been
shown to be active,
in vitro,
against a wide range
of Gram-positive and
Gram-negative
bacteria at
concentrations of
10-50 µg/ml. |
|
|
|
|
Organism |
|
|
B. subtilis
Sal. pullorum
Strep. lactis
V. choleroe
Strep. pyogenes (4
strains)
Strep. faecalis
Coryn. diphtheriae
Sal. dublin
Strep. pneumoniae
Sal. typhimurium
Staph. aureus (20
strains)
A. aerogenes
Pr. vulgaris
E. coli
P. aeruginosa (10
strains)
Chlorhexidine has
been found to be
ineffective against
heat resistant
spores and acid-fast
bacilli. |
|
|
|
|
Indications |
|
|
Bactigras
is indicated for
adjunctive treatment
and prevention of
infection in skin
loss lesions,
including wounds,
burns and ulcers. |
|
|
|
|
Contraindications |
|
|
Bactigras
is contraindicated
in patients with a
known, or suspected,
sensitivity to
chlorhexidine |
|
|
|
|
Precautions |
|
|
Due to the cationic
properties of
chlorhexidine,
Bactigras is
incompatible with
anionic surfactants
and other anionic
compounds. One
layer of tulle gras
only should be
applied directly to
the surface of
lesions being
treated, and this
should be done with
forceps under
sterile conditions.
Avoid contact with
eyes, the middle
ear, meninges and
brain.
Bactigras
should not be used
if the seal or
wrapper is broken. |
|
|
|
|
Adverse Reactions |
|
|
Photosensitivity,
hypersensitivity and
contact eczema have
been observed, but
the incidence has
been very low.
Since its
introduction on the
market in the U.K.,
reports indicate
that the tulle
presentation of
chlorhexidine
acetate causes only
slight skin
irritation or
sensitization and
that there is no
pain on application. |
|
|
|
|
Symptoms and
Treatment of
Overdose |
|
|
As a topical
preparation, there
have been no reports
of chlorhexidine
acetate overdosage
by a systemic route.
Accidental systemic
administration of
chlorhexidine
solutions has failed
to yield any
specific ill
effects, which were
attributed to
chlorhexidine.
Gastric lavage is
indicated for acute
ingestion of
chlorhexidine
solutions. |
|
|
|
|
Dosage And
Administration |
|
|
Bactigras
dressing is for
administration to
adults and children;
it may be changed
daily but frequency
of application will
depend upon the
clinical
circumstances
(average: every 2-4
days).
It is intended that
the dressing will be
principally used on
up to 15% body area
wounds for adults,
(10% body area
wounds for
children).Although
there is
insufficient
evidence to
establish the safety
of more extensive
use, such use on
larger area wounds
may be considered
when in the opinion
of the physician,
the expected benefit
outweighs the
potential risks.
(Reports indicate
that chlorhexidine
acetate 0.1%
solutions have been
used on body area
wounds of up to 50%
without ill
effect). The
dressing is to be
applied directly to
the wound surface,
one layer only, with
forceps, under
sterile conditions.
Duration of
administration will
range from a few
days to several
months in extreme
cases, depending
upon the nature and
severity of the
wound. Treatment
should be continued
until satisfactory
healing has occurred
or until the wound
site is ready for
grafting. The drug
should not be
withdrawn from the
therapeutic regimen
while there remains
the possibility of
infection unless
overt infection
occurs, requiring
specific alternative
therapy, or a
significant adverse
reaction occurs.
Bactigras
should be stored
flat under
controlled room
temperature (< 25ºC). |
